U.S. Army Research LaboratoryUnited States2018
LLAMA
- Discontinued
- Over 40 kg
- Research and development
- Defence and emergency response
Key figures as stated by the manufacturer
2 of 6 stated · 4 gapsDiscontinued- Weight 70kg154lbOur conversion from 70 kg. The manufacturer does not state an imperial figure itself, so the conversion has no source of its own.A
- Payload, walking not stated
- Runtime not stated
- Max speed at most 6.48km/hat most 4.03mphOur conversion from 6.48 km/h. The manufacturer does not state an imperial figure itself, so the conversion has no source of its own.A
- IP rating not stated
- Indicative price not stated
Deviations and variants in the key figures (2)
Weight
CaveatNASA JPL states 70 kg. The associated IEEE paper describes both hardware iterations together as 'human-scale (~75 kg)', a rounder approximate figure covering both versions.
Max speed
NoteMatches the IEEE paper's reported hierarchical control scheme enabling motions up to 1.8 m/s over varied terrain.
Intended use, per the manufacturer
The manufacturer’s words
Rough, uneven terrain navigation; first responder support; security and disaster response operations
Source: jpl.nasa.gov · Retrieved
This category is not our assessment.
Every field in the schema
6 of 33 fields statedImperial figures are our own conversion unless the manufacturer states an imperial figure itself. The source letter always belongs to the metric figure — a conversion has no source of its own.
| Field | Value | Source and caveats |
|---|---|---|
| Physical | ||
| Weight | 70kg154lbOur conversion from 70 kg. The manufacturer does not state an imperial figure itself, so the conversion has no source of its own. | A CaveatNASA JPL states 70 kg. The associated IEEE paper describes both hardware iterations together as 'human-scale (~75 kg)', a rounder approximate figure covering both versions. |
| Length | 100cm39.4inOur conversion from 100 cm. The manufacturer does not state an imperial figure itself, so the conversion has no source of its own. | A NoteOverall body length. |
| Width | not stated | |
| Height | not stated | |
| Degrees of freedom | 12DoF | B CaveatCustom quasi-direct-drive actuators power 3-DOF, serial-parallel legs (3 x 4 legs = 12 total). LOWER CONFIDENCE than the JPL-sourced fields above: this figure was read from a search-engine excerpt of the paywalled IEEE Xplore page, not from a directly fetched and re-read page. |
| Payload, walking | not stated | |
| Payload, standing | not stated | |
| Max speed | at most 6.48km/hat most 4.03mphOur conversion from 6.48 km/h. The manufacturer does not state an imperial figure itself, so the conversion has no source of its own. | A NoteMatches the IEEE paper's reported hierarchical control scheme enabling motions up to 1.8 m/s over varied terrain. |
| Max slope | not stated | |
| Single obstacle | not stated | |
| Stair step, continuous | not stated | |
| IP rating | not stated | |
| Operating temperature, low | not stated | |
| Operating temperature, high | not stated | |
| Power | ||
| Battery | not stated | |
| Runtime | not stated | |
| Hot-swap battery | not stated | |
| Charge time | not stated | |
| Docking station | not stated | |
| Sensing and autonomy | ||
| LiDAR | Onboard LiDAR for terrain sensing and foothold/footstep planning | C NoteUsed by IHMC's planning and control software to identify safe footholds on rough terrain. |
| Cameras | not stated | |
| Onboard compute | not stated | |
| ROS 2 | not stated | |
| SDK languages | not stated | |
| Autonomy level | Innovative perception, planning and control software (developed by IHMC under ARL's RCTA program) aimed at precise navigation of technical obstacles while remaining robust enough to reject disturbances and recover from unexpected errors, so the robot can keep pace with a human squad over rough terrain. | C NoteBalances speed and load capacity in one mechanical design rather than trading one off for the other. |
| Payload and expansion | ||
| Mounting interface | not stated | |
| Power out | not stated | |
| Data ports | not stated | |
| Commercial | ||
| Indicative price | not stated | |
| EU | ||
| CE stated | not stated | Records only what the manufacturer states regarding CE marking. |
| FCC stated | not stated | |
| UL stated | not stated | |
| CCC stated | not stated | |
Stair step and payload each exist in two variants. Only compare fields with the same label.
Notes
- LLAMA is a human-scale, all-electric quadruped built under the U.S. Army Research Laboratory's RCTA program, with NASA JPL (hardware) and IHMC (software).
- Uses custom quasi-direct-drive actuators on 3-DOF serial-parallel legs — described as the first all-electric quadruped at this scale, built to keep pace with a dismounted infantry squad.
The manufacturer’s own page
The manufacturer’s original product page for this model.
Open the manufacturer’s page for LLAMAhttps://www.jpl.nasa.gov/robotics-at-jpl/llama/
Sources
- A Manufacturer product page. www.jpl.nasa.gov/robotics-at-jpl/llama/ · Retrieved
- B ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10876051/ · Retrieved
- C www.ihmc.us/quadrupedal-locomotion/ · Retrieved
One line per source, not per figure: a source has one retrieval date. The letter beside a figure points to the line it came from.